CHAPTER ONE
1.0.INTRODUCTION:
Tourism
industry is the largest and most efficient economic activities in the world
that creates the highest levels of added value and directly or indirectly
affects other economic and cultural activities. Many countries consider this
dynamic industry as the main source of income, employment, growth in private
sector and infrastructure development (Taleghani, Gilaninia & Bashiri, 2011).
Although it can be said that tourism alone cannot lead to the development of
the country, but gradually with the arrival of tourists create the need to
change and facilities for accommodation, transportation and other related
activities, therefore will include development (Dolat Abadi & Yaghoobzadeh,
2009: 15). Marketing in the tourism industry, a process management
(administration), including the current and future needs and satisfaction of
tourists, so that travel companies and suppliers will have to compete with each
other (Gilaninia, 2010). Nowadays cities are trying to provide more revenue for
their citizens and enhance their quality of life. In the last two decades,
especially since the beginning of the twenty-first century, city managers and
local authorities, urban planners and decision-makers around the world have
tried to increase situation and tourism attractions in city and its position in
the competitive global market are distinct from other cities (Azadvari, 2011).
Using effective marketing tools and parameters is factors that could improve
and develop the tourism industry (Serdi Mahakan, 2001). Thus the marketing of
tourism is particularly important, because if marketing be management process
thus all planning activities, providing tourism product and attracting tourists
are needed to marketing operations (Pender, 1999).
Krippend off
defined market tourism as the systematic and coordinate execution business
policy by tourist undertaking whether state owned at local regional national
international level the needs if identifiable consumers groups and in doing so
to achieve an appropriate return.
The first
equipment for tourism planning therefore is knowledge of the market and this
involves researching into people and their need that is to sky tourism
facilities should be organized primarily to meet the needs of the guest or
users.
The impact of
market is seen to include the assessment of consumers demand in the first place
and not mercy satisfying demand as it appears.
1.2.STATEMENT
OF PROBLEM:
i.The growth
and development of tourism are not without problems. The first is that of land
used when for example much of the areas of the tourist destination is devoted
to enable land and to other forms of agriculture. There may be a conflict in
the demands which tourism makes on the countryside for land requirement for his
facilities.
This calls
for provision of areas of land and arising the problems of a location of scale
resources in the most equitable and satisfying way.
ii.Secondly
there may be conflict between the demand of visitors and the interest of
resident of a town or region the large the number of visitors and the greatest
of risk of inconveniencies or loss of amenity and facility of those living in
the town or regions.
IiiTourism
implies the injection into the destination of an alien elements which may
engender resentment in other words, tourism may guess rise to population
explosion. It is an important test of the tourist organization to educate the
resident population.
iv.Thirdly,
tourism is to considerable extent seasonal activities as observed during this
study, tourist centres have special days or needs or period of highest visits.
Relatively
little of tourism continuities throughout the year, most of its facilities are
used intensively for less than half time. This ledges to a wasteful use of
resources and may in seasonal unemployment, this is to an economic as well as
social problem.
v.Another
problems is in the area of promotion and publicity to change some of the
traditional attitudes of our people with a largely aggression culture to coax
them out of the conservatism to which they seen entrusted. The public needs to
be relaxation and on what tourism is all about. Need, many people do not even
know about the existence of some of our tourist attractions existing in the
state.
However, it
must be pointed out that our tourist organizations have been less concerned
with the promotion of their service. They should involve themselves in
promotional activities such as the sponsoring of sport tournaments at least
twice a year. They should also engage in organizing for instance culture
festivals. This non-development of tourist facilities to complete favorably
with those funds in development countries, account for constant movement by
Nigerians to overseas countries for holidays and relaxation these people who
would have constitutes the tourist market in Nigerian are loss to oversea
market.
OBJECTIVES OF
THE STUDY:
1.To identify
the target market and to highlight the purpose of relaxation to individual
consumers who make up the market.
2.The
researcher wishes to identify the tourist attention (product) available on the
state and their facilities
3.To identify
the various ways or media by which the proprietors have seen able to make
suggestion on ways to bringing their services to the people or consumers.
4.To explore
the impact of marketing in tourism development and determine market problems in
tourism.
5.To
ascertain the position of the tourist industry in the economic development of
the state.
1.4.STATEMENT
OF HYPOTHESIS:
H0: The
quality of tourist services offered by tourist organizations in Enugu state is
not satisfactorily.
H1: The
quality of tourist product/facilities offered by tourist organization in Enugu
state is satisfactorily.
H0: The price
of tourist product provided by tourist organization in Enugu leads to increase
in sales
H2: The price
of tourist product provided by tourist organization in Enugu does not lead to
increase in sales.
H0:
Distribution strategies adopted by tourist organization in Enugu do not have
positive effect on tourism products.
H3:
Distribution strategies adopted by tourist organization in Enugu state have
positive effect on tourist products.
H0: The
promotional strategies adopted by tourist organization in Enugu do not lead to
customer awareness.
H4: The
promotional strategies adopted by tourist organizational in Enugu leads to
customer awareness.
H0: The
marketing strategies employed by tourist organization do not lead to increase
sales.
H5: The
marketing strategies employed by tourist organization lead to increase sales.
1.5.SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY:
The
researcher hopes that this study will enable the tourist industry/cooperators
and government value the effect of non-application of marketing concepts.
The study
will also help all the tourist industry in Nigeria especially in Enugu state to
know the reason behind the poor performance of the tourist industries and
understands the impact to play in the tourist facilities and the users.
The study
will also act as a literature review to those interested in doing further
studies in this areas of the study will also help keep the tourist proprietors
to live up to their effectuation of their consumer or guest by making sure that
all necessary tourist centers are developed and the facilities properly
maintained.
Finally, the
management proprieties including government will benefits from this report of
this study.
1.6.SCOPE OF
THE STUDY:
This study
covers the impact of marketing on tourist destination. This it does by highlighting
the problem facing the study, the objectives and the limitation of the study.
1.7.LIMITATION
OF THE STUDY:
The
researcher was supposed to make a study of the many tourist centres that make
up the tourist industry in the country.
But owing to
certain circumstances and observation, the study of Enugu metropolis only led
to been taken the circumstance which made the study to be limited to only Enugu
state considered inadequate of the study and economic constraints.
The
researcher also noticed that the tourist industry is faced with almost the same
problem of underdevelopment throughout the country. Therefore it is assume that
since such is the cash a study within the Enugu urban will be adequate.
1.9.RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY:
The research
was designed by the researcher for objectivity and details. The staffs were
divided into four categories of workers namely: management, supervisors,
operatives and casuals to be able to accommodate the various types of workers
in the centre. The study was generally based on analytical sample survey where
companion are made between the different subgroup of the population under
study. A pre-test was also carried out by the researcher on isolated problems
of the design, with a view to establish a broad plan. Quantitative data was
mostly utilized in the analysis. Data was obtained using questionnaire, oral
interviews and journals. The format used in the questionnaire is the simple
Yes/NO (True /False) format, information format and liker scaling format. It
took the researcher about 2 weeks to carry out the research which includes the
designing, distribution and final collection of the questionnaire, conducting
conduction of oral interviews and direct observation as well as the pre-test.
These were all done as some manageable less financial cost to the researcher.
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